Diabetes and Endocrinology

Background & Aim: Impaired Fasting Glucose (IFG) is associated with incident diabetes, cardiovascular risk cand markers of atherosclerosis in early adulthood. We aimed to explore the 10-year change in IFG prevalence among adolescent participants of the Tehran lipid and glucose study, a population-based study from Iran.

 

Method: For our study, we used data on Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), anthropometric and demographic information of 11-19 year-old adolescents in study period-I (1999-2005; 1415 boys, 1583 girls) and study period- II (2011-2014; 477 boys, 469 girls). Sex-adjusted and sex-stratified multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship of the study period (reference: study period-I) with IFG.

 

Result: The prevalence of IFG, general obesity and central obesity increased from 7%, 13.3% and 18.8% in study period-I to 16.6%, 24% and 37.4% in study period-II; while a favorable trend was seen for blood pressure, triglycerides and high density lipoprotein cholesterol. In the fully adjusted model, being older (age group 15-19 vs 11-14 years) and female gender were associated with lower risk. Being overweight and obese increased the risk by risk ratios (confidence interval) of 1.57 (1.17-2.11) and 1.63 (1.15-2.30), respectively. Central adiposity did not remain as an independent risk factor. Nevertheless, study period persisted as a significant factor despite all adjustments [2.20 (1.81-2.68)]. Results in the sex-stratified models were generally the same.

 

Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that the over 2-fold rise in IFG prevalence among adolescents was not solely dependent on general and central obesity.